保姆级教程：Spring Cloud 集成 Seata 分布式事务

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保姆级教程：Spring Cloud 集成 Seata 分布式事务

2024-06-15 00:27| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

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中文详细注释的开源项目

RPC 框架 Dubbo 源码解析

网络应用框架 Netty 源码解析

消息中间件 RocketMQ 源码解析

数据库中间件 Sharding-JDBC 和 MyCAT 源码解析

作业调度中间件 Elastic-Job 源码解析

分布式事务中间件 TCC-Transaction 源码解析

Eureka 和 Hystrix 源码解析

Java 并发源码

来源：wangbinguang.blog.csdn.net/

article/details/128935863

环境搭建

项目搭建

测试验证

注意事项

环境搭建 Nacos搭建

最新版本快速搭建使用Mysql模式

Nacos直接启动即可。控制台默认账号密码是nacos/nacos，Mysql账户密码有两个 root/root 和 nacos/nacos。

Seata搭建

Seata版本1.5.0 快速搭建

Seata1.5.0版本直接是一个SpringBoot项目，下载后修改application.yml 文件中注册中心、配置中心、存储模式配置。参考resources/application.example.yml 文件，修改后如下

server: port: 7091 spring: application: name: seata-server logging: config: classpath:logback-spring.xml file: path: ${user.home}/logs/seata extend: logstash-appender: destination: 127.0.0.1:4560 kafka-appender: bootstrap-servers: 127.0.0.1:9092 topic: logback_to_logstash console: user: username: seata password: seata seata: config: # support: nacos, consul, apollo, zk, etcd3 type: file registry: # support: nacos, eureka, redis, zk, consul, etcd3, sofa type: nacos nacos: application: seata-server server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848 namespace: group: SEATA_GROUP cluster: default username: nacos password: nacos ##if use MSE Nacos with auth, mutex with username/password attribute #access-key: "" #secret-key: "" store: # support: file 、 db 、 redis mode: db db: datasource: druid db-type: mysql driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata?rewriteBatchedStatements=true user: root password: root min-conn: 5 max-conn: 100 global-table: global_table branch-table: branch_table lock-table: lock_table distributed-lock-table: distributed_lock query-limit: 100 max-wait: 5000 > 基于 Spring Boot + MyBatis Plus + Vue & Element 实现的后台管理系统 + 用户小程序，支持 RBAC 动态权限、多租户、数据权限、工作流、三方登录、支付、短信、商城等功能 > > * 项目地址： > * 视频教程： # server: > 基于 Spring Cloud Alibaba + Gateway + Nacos + RocketMQ + Vue & Element 实现的后台管理系统 + 用户小程序，支持 RBAC 动态权限、多租户、数据权限、工作流、三方登录、支付、短信、商城等功能 > > * 项目地址： > * 视频教程： # service-port: 8091 #If not configured, the default is '${server.port} + 1000' security: secretKey: SeataSecretKey0c382ef121d778043159209298fd40bf3850a017 tokenValidityInMilliseconds: 1800000 ignore: urls: /,/**/*.css,/**/*.js,/**/*.html,/**/*.map,/**/*.svg,/**/*.png,/**/*.ico,/console-fe/public/**,/api/v1/auth/login

创建seata数据库，执行脚本建表

-- -------------------------------- The script used when storeMode is 'db' -------------------------------- -- the table to store GlobalSession data CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `global_table` ( `xid` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL, `transaction_id` BIGINT, `status` TINYINT NOT NULL, `application_id` VARCHAR(32), `transaction_service_group` VARCHAR(32), `transaction_name` VARCHAR(128), `timeout` INT, `begin_time` BIGINT, `application_data` VARCHAR(2000), `gmt_create` DATETIME, `gmt_modified` DATETIME, PRIMARY KEY (`xid`), KEY `idx_status_gmt_modified` (`status` , `gmt_modified`), KEY `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`) ) ENGINE = InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4; -- the table to store BranchSession data CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `branch_table` ( `branch_id` BIGINT NOT NULL, `xid` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL, `transaction_id` BIGINT, `resource_group_id` VARCHAR(32), `resource_id` VARCHAR(256), `branch_type` VARCHAR(8), `status` TINYINT, `client_id` VARCHAR(64), `application_data` VARCHAR(2000), `gmt_create` DATETIME(6), `gmt_modified` DATETIME(6), PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`), KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`) ) ENGINE = InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4; -- the table to store lock data CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `lock_table` ( `row_key` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL, `xid` VARCHAR(128), `transaction_id` BIGINT, `branch_id` BIGINT NOT NULL, `resource_id` VARCHAR(256), `table_name` VARCHAR(32), `pk` VARCHAR(36), `status` TINYINT NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '0:locked ,1:rollbacking', `gmt_create` DATETIME, `gmt_modified` DATETIME, PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`), KEY `idx_status` (`status`), KEY `idx_branch_id` (`branch_id`), KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`) ) ENGINE = InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4; CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `distributed_lock` ( `lock_key` CHAR(20) NOT NULL, `lock_value` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL, `expire` BIGINT, primary key (`lock_key`) ) ENGINE = InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4; INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('AsyncCommitting', ' ', 0); INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('RetryCommitting', ' ', 0); INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('RetryRollbacking', ' ', 0); INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('TxTimeoutCheck', ' ', 0);

启动seata-server，控制台登录页面如下，账号密码为seata/seata。

项目搭建业务背景

用户购买商品的业务逻辑。整个业务逻辑由3个微服务提供支持：

仓储服务：对给定的商品扣除仓储数量。

订单服务：根据采购需求创建订单。

帐户服务：从用户帐户中扣除余额。

架构

业务表创建 -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for t_account -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_account`; CREATE TABLE `t_account` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `user_id` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, `amount` double(14, 2 ) DEFAULT '0.00', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of t_account -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `t_account` VALUES ('1', '1', '4000.00'); -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for t_order -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_order`; CREATE TABLE `t_order` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `order_no` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, `user_id` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, `commodity_code` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, `count` int(11) DEFAULT '0', `amount` double(14, 2 ) DEFAULT '0.00', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=64 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of t_order -- ---------------------------- -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for t_stock -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_stock`; CREATE TABLE `t_stock` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `commodity_code` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, `count` int(11) DEFAULT '0', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `commodity_code` (`commodity_code`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of t_stock -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `t_stock` VALUES ('1', 'C201901140001', '水杯', '1000'); -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for undo_log -- 注意此处0.3.0+ 增加唯一索引 ux_undo_log -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `undo_log`; CREATE TABLE `undo_log` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL, `xid` varchar(100) NOT NULL, `context` varchar(128) NOT NULL, `rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL, `log_status` int(11) NOT NULL, `log_created` datetime NOT NULL, `log_modified` datetime NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of undo_log -- ---------------------------- SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=1; 服务创建业务服务

以order服务为例，引入依赖、配置参数、提供创建订单接口。

pom.xml文件中引入依赖

org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web com.alibaba.cloud spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery com.alibaba.cloud spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata com.alibaba druid com.baomidou mybatis-plus-boot-starter mysql mysql-connector-java

application.properties配置参数

server.port=81 spring.application.name=order spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848 spring.cloud.nacos.username=nacos spring.cloud.nacos.password=nacos spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata_samples?allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&allowMultiQueries=true spring.datasource.username=root spring.datasource.password=root mybatis-plus.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml mybatis-plus.configuration.log-impl=org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl

提供创建订单接口

@RequestMapping("/add") public void add(String userId, String commodityCode, Integer count, BigDecimal amount) { Order order = new Order(); order.setOrderNo(UUID.randomUUID().toString()); order.setUserId(userId); order.setAmount(amount); order.setCommodityCode(commodityCode); order.setCount(count); orderService.save(order); } 聚合服务

business服务远程调用仓储、订单、帐户服务，完成下单流程。

1.pom.xml文件中引入依赖

org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web com.alibaba.cloud spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery com.alibaba.cloud spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata com.alibaba druid org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-openfeign

2.application.properties配置参数

server.port=80 spring.application.name=business spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848 spring.cloud.nacos.username=nacos spring.cloud.nacos.password=nacos spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata_samples?allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&allowMultiQueries=true spring.datasource.username=root spring.datasource.password=root service.disableGlobalTransaction=false # 连接超时时间 ribbon.ConnectTimeout=3000 # 响应超时时间 ribbon.ReadTimeout=5000

3.声明account、stock、order的feign接口。

@FeignClient(value = "account") public interface AccountFeign { @RequestMapping("/account/reduce") public void reduce(@RequestParam("userId") String userId, @RequestParam("amount") BigDecimal amount); } @FeignClient(value = "order") public interface OrderFeign { @RequestMapping("/order/add") public void add(@RequestParam("userId") String userId, @RequestParam("commodityCode") String commodityCode, @RequestParam("count") Integer count, @RequestParam("amount") BigDecimal amount); } @FeignClient(value = "stock") public interface StockFeign { @RequestMapping("/stock/deduct") public void deduct(@RequestParam("commodityCode") String commodityCode, @RequestParam("count") Integer count); }

4.全局事务开启，调用feign接口

@Autowired private OrderFeign orderFeign; @Autowired private StockFeign stockFeign; @Autowired private AccountFeign accountFeign; @GlobalTransactional @RequestMapping("/toOrder") public void toOrder(String userId, String commodityCode, Integer count, BigDecimal amount) { accountFeign.reduce(userId, amount); stockFeign.deduct(commodityCode, count); orderFeign.add(userId, commodityCode, count, amount); } 测试验证

当前资金账户4000，库存1000，模拟用户购买商品2000个，消费4000，业务调用后，数据库数据状态应该如下：

用户资金满足4000，数据库更新用户资金为0。

商品库存不满足2000个，异常。

business服务提交全局回滚。

资金服务回滚操作，更新资金为4000。

验证：

1.浏览器输入地址请求访问

http://127.0.0.1/business/toOrder?userId=1&commodityCode=C201901140001&count=2000&amount=4000

2.account、stock服务日志观察。